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What skills are essential for an ethical hacker to possess?

  1. Graphic design and media creation

  2. Proficient programming and networking skills

  3. Marketing and sales expertise

  4. Financial analysis skills

The correct answer is: Proficient programming and networking skills

An ethical hacker must possess proficient programming and networking skills as these are foundational to understanding how systems work and identifying vulnerabilities. Programming knowledge enables an ethical hacker to write scripts and tools for testing security, analyze code for weaknesses, and even develop exploits for vulnerabilities. Understanding networking is equally essential, as it provides insight into how data flows across networks, the protocols that govern communications, and how different systems interact. With strong programming skills, an ethical hacker can manipulate software and work on developing or using penetration testing tools effectively. Networking skills are critical for recognizing potential entry points in a network and understanding how different components of the network can be exploited. Other skills mentioned, such as graphic design and media creation, marketing and sales expertise, and financial analysis skills, do not directly contribute to the technical capabilities required to perform ethical hacking. While these skills may be beneficial in certain contexts, they do not form the core competencies necessary for someone whose primary role involves assessing and securing systems against cyber threats.